Proto-Tarelion

Consonants
Of all of Proto-??'s descendants, only Proto-Tarelion preserved a three-way contrast between plosives, though, in some dialects, these had already become voiceless fricatives.

Vowels
Proto-Tarelion had a greatly expanded vowel index compared to Proto-??, with six vowels of normal length and five long vowels.

Verbal
Proto-Tarelion verbs belonged to two declensions, denoted by their infinitives, -iphó and -esó, and every verb declined for seven tenses (present, aorist, imperfect, future, perfect, pluperfect and future tenses), three moods (indicative, imperative, subjunctive), three persons and two numbers (singular and plural).

Most aspects of Proto-?? verb system was preserved in Proto-Tarelion, though there was a strengthening of the aorist as it slowly merged with the imperfect. The most major departure between the two languages in terms of verb morphology was the merger of the subjunctive and optative into a singular subjunctive case, now marked with the addition of the suffix -er to the verb. This subjunctive mood was used to express desire, counterfactuals and hypotheticals. The person endings were broadly the same throughout the indicative, subjunctive and optative paradigms, with -ti (except in the subjunctive, when it was simply a vowel), -di and -si representing the first, second and third persons respectively. The addition of an n before the consonant (forming the clusters -nt, -nd and -ns respectively) was used as a form of pluralisation. Verbs were atypical in that ablaut was used, not in order to form the plural (though it was used to form the dual), but in order to form different tenses.

Nounal
Proto-Tarelion nouns declined for six cases, which were nominative (used to denote the subject of a verb or the object of a predicate), accusative (used to denote the object of a verb or with certain prepositions), genitive (used to denote a relationship between nouns, such as for possession, in the genitive of the whole or for forming adjectives), dative (used to denote indirect objects), locative (used to denote that something was at, near or moving towards something else, with certain prepositions or for representing the time at which or from which something took place) and ablative (used to denote motion away from something, with certain prepositions relating to this function, for representing the time from which something took place and as an ablative of means). The locative case had merged with the Proto-?? lative case, while the ablative case had merged with the Proto-?? instrumental case, accounting for this expansion in case use. Proto-Tarelion nouns also declined for three genders, masculine, feminine and neuter, with gender being an innate quality of every noun. Only a few nouns (generally occupations, people and animals) could take multiple genders. In addition to this, there were two separate noun declensions, marked by their different nominative endings, -o/-e and -oi̯o/-ei̯o.